雅思阅读分析：Report on a university drama project

Drama student Imogen Clare-Wood describes a collaborative theatre project she took part in

This project was born from discussions I had with other drama students about the kind of theatre productions we'd like to create. Although we had previously been involved in various university productions where we took on specific roles, such as costume designer, producer, director and so on, we now wanted to take a collaborative approach that was new to all of us. We wanted a project where every voice could carry equal weight and everyone would be able to contribute to every aspect of the show. We decided that the way to achieve this feeling of collaboration would be to concentrate on the process by which the work emerged during auditions and rehearsals. We chose a play that we felt allowed varied interpretations – Harold Pinter's The Lover, a modern one-act play with just two characters. We decided we would use six actors cast as three different couples, and each pair would have a turn to perform on one of the three nights that the play was to be staged.

The next step was to hold auditions in order to find actors who felt the same way about the project as we did. We were anxious to create an "us-and-them" feeling at the auditions, since collaborative ownership of the project was crucial to our ideas. So we ran the first round of auditions as a series of workshops, which we kept very informal and relaxed. Then we recalled fifteen actors for the second round of auditions. At this stage we wanted the reactions and ideas to flow and be explored by the group in the form of a discussion. We were looking for actors who could encourage other people's ideas but who were also eager to input their own thoughts. Possibly the hardest part of the whole process was sitting down afterwards and deciding on the final six actors who would take part in the project.

Our initial rehearsals were dedicated to creating a strong group dynamic and to exploring some of the themes of the play without explicit reference to the script. One of the strongest tools we used for this was freewriting – an exercise in which one person would read out a list of unconnected words and the rest of the group would clear their minds and simply write something in response to those words. We found it helped us to gain insight into the different ways our minds work. It also meant that we got to know each other very well, very quickly!

It was only during the next phase of rehearsals that we finally began to work with the script. We had not yet decided on the pairings of the six actors at that point, and we had the non-actors on the team reading in addition to the people who would be doing the final performances. The whole team finally decided on the pairings of the actors by a vote, and miraculously it was a unanimous decision. The casting of the roles worked well and felt more natural than it had in any other show I've worked on. I think the dynamic that we developed over the early rehearsals was crucial in giving us three such strong onstage relationships.

Other decisions were made in much the same way. The publicity was the responsibility of one member of the team, but she asked everyone what they thought would be effective. She then made several different versions, and from these we chose the design we liked the most. The stage set was left more to the individual pairs of actors, but since a large part of the later rehearsals was observing and feeding back on the individual performances being created by each pair, everyone was able to help with set design. We initially planned that each pair would use the same stage set. However, due to the different ways they interpreted the script, it became important for the set to be adapted for each couple.

In the final performances, it was surprising that despite the collaborative nature of the project, a range of very different interpretations emerged. This is, of course, partly due to the tragicomic nature of Pinter's text, which allows the actors to exploit these two disparate elements, tragedy and comedy, to different degrees.

The question-and-answer session held after the show was perhaps the most rewarding part of the project. The audience asked interesting and insightful questions, and certainly made everyone in the team think about what we'd been doing, what we'd wanted to achieve and whether we'd achieved it. We were asked, among other things, about how successful our collaborative ethic had been, how we were set up, with other such different shows, how we'd overcome the initial "production-team-versus-cast" divide, and how we would continue in the future.

Questions 1-6

Complete the flow-chart below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.

Stages in collaborative drama project

Origin of project	Started with the wish for a collaborative project focusing on the 1 ____ of producing a play
Auditions	first round: organised as several workshops — fifteen actors were then selected second round: organised as a 2 ____ — the final six actors were then selected
Preparation	in early rehearsals, 3 ____ was found to be an effective technique the 4 ____ was only used in later rehearsals everyone had a 5 ____ to decide which actor would play each part everyone was shown different designs for the publicity and the best one was chosen
Performance	the variety of 6 ____ was surprising
After-show question-and-answer session	this resulted in some interesting comments

Questions 7-13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 7-13 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

流程图填空题（1-6）

题号	答案	关键词定位与词汇转变解析
1	process	原文定位：第1段"We decided that the way to achieve this feeling of collaboration would be to concentrate on the process by which the work emerged during auditions and rehearsals." 关键词：focusing on（专注于）→ 原文"concentrate on"（专注于）； producing a play（制作戏剧）→ 原文"the work emerged during auditions and rehearsals"（试镜和排练中产生的作品）。 词汇转变：focusing on/concentrate on（专注于）为同义替换；process/the way... the work emerged（过程/作品产生的方式）为同义替换。
2	discussion	原文定位：第2段"Then we recalled fifteen actors for the second round of auditions... explored by the group in the form of a discussion." 关键词：organised as（组织形式为）→ 原文"in the form of"（以...形式）；second round（第二轮）→ 原文"second round of auditions"（第二轮试镜）。 词汇转变：organised as/in the form of（组织形式为/以...形式）为同义替换；discussion/a discussion（讨论）为原词复现。
3	freewriting	原文定位：第3段"One of the strongest tools we used for this was freewriting – an exercise in which..." 关键词：effective technique（有效技巧）→ 原文"strongest tools"（最有效工具）；early rehearsals（早期排练）→ 原文"initial rehearsals"（初始排练）。 词汇转变：effective technique/strongest tools（有效技巧/最有效工具）为同义替换；freewriting/freewriting（自由写作）为原词复现。
4	script	原文定位：第4段"It was only during the next phase of rehearsals that we finally began to work with the script." 关键词：only used in later rehearsals（仅在后期排练使用）→ 原文"only during the next phase of rehearsals... work with the script"（仅在排练下一阶段使用剧本）。 词汇转变：used/work with（使用/处理）为同义替换；later rehearsals/next phase of rehearsals（后期排练/排练下一阶段）为同义替换。
5	vote	原文定位：第4段"The whole team finally decided on the pairings of the actors by a vote." 关键词：everyone had a... to decide（每人有...来决定）→ 原文"whole team... decided... by a vote"（整个团队通过投票决定）。 词汇转变：had a vote/decided by a vote（有投票权/通过投票决定）为同义替换；decide which actor would play each part/decided on the pairings of the actors（决定演员角色/决定演员配对）为同义替换。
6	interpretations	原文定位：第6段"In the final performances, it was surprising that despite the collaborative nature of the project, a range of very different interpretations emerged." 关键词：variety of（多样的）→ 原文"a range of very different"（一系列非常不同的）；surprising（令人惊讶的）→ 原文"it was surprising that"（令人惊讶的是）。 词汇转变：variety of/a range of（多样的/一系列）为同义替换；interpretations/interpretations（诠释）为原词复现。

判断题（7-13）

题号	答案	关键词定位与词汇转变解析
7	FALSE	原文定位：第1段"we now wanted to take a collaborative approach that was new to all of us." 关键词：had been involved in other collaborative...（曾参与其他合作项目）→ 原文"collaborative approach that was new to all of us"（对所有人都是新的合作方式）。 词汇转变：had been involved/wanted to take... new（曾参与/想要采取新的）为反义替换；other collaborative theatre productions/collaborative approach（其他合作戏剧制作/合作方式）为同义替换。
8	FALSE	原文定位：第1段"each pair would have a turn to perform on one of the three nights"（每对演员在三晚中的一晚表演）→ 题目中"play one role for three nights"（一个角色演三晚）。 关键词：one role for three nights（一个角色三晚）→ 原文"perform on one of the three nights"（三晚中的一晚表演）。 词汇转变：for three nights/on one of the three nights（三晚/三晚中的一晚）为反义替换；each actor/each pair（每个演员/每对演员）为概念偷换。
9	NOT GIVEN	原文定位：第3段"Our initial rehearsals were dedicated to creating a strong group dynamic... without explicit reference to the script." 关键词：未提及"took place at the university theatre"（在大学剧院举行）的地点信息。 词汇转变：题目中"university theatre"在原文无对应表述，属于信息缺失。
10	TRUE	原文定位：第4段"The casting of the roles worked well and felt more natural than it had in any other show I've worked on." 关键词：satisfied（满意）→ 原文"worked well and felt more natural"（效果好且更自然）；actors were paired with the right partner（演员配对合适）→ 原文"casting of the roles worked well"（角色分配效果好）。 词汇转变：satisfied/worked well（满意/效果好）为同义替换；paired with the right partner/casting of the roles（配对合适伙伴/角色分配）为同义替换。
11	NOT GIVEN	原文定位：第5段"everyone was able to help with set design"（所有人都能帮忙做舞台设计）→ 题目中"discovered an unexpected talent"（发现意外天赋）。 关键词：未提及"unexpected talent"（意外天赋）的相关描述。 词汇转变：题目中"unexpected talent"在原文无对应表述，属于过度推断。
12	FALSE	原文定位：第5段"We initially planned that each pair would use the same stage set." 关键词：original intention（最初意图）→ 原文"initially planned"（最初计划）；different stage set for each performance（每场表演不同舞台）→ 原文"same stage set"（相同舞台）。 词汇转变：original intention/initially planned（最初意图/最初计划）为同义替换；different/same（不同/相同）为反义替换。
13	TRUE	原文定位：第7段"certainly made everyone in the team think about what we'd been doing, what we'd wanted to achieve and whether we'd achieved it." 关键词：encouraged the team to think about their aims（鼓励团队思考目标）→ 原文"think about... what we'd wanted to achieve"（思考想要实现的目标）。 词汇转变：encouraged/made everyone... think about（鼓励/使每个人思考）为同义替换；aims/what we'd wanted to achieve（目标/想要实现的事）为同义替换。