雅思Task Two -To what extent do you agree or disagree 写作攻略

光华启迪英语组-薛老师

1. 理解题目与核心要求

题目本质

"To what extent do you agree or disagree"类题目要求考生对一个明确的观点或陈述表达自己的立场，并给出相应的论证。你绝不能仅仅描述现象或讨论双方观点，而必须清晰、坚定地提出自己的论点。

关键要求

  • 必须表明立场：你的立场必须在引言段明确给出，并在全文贯穿始终。
  • 必须论证程度：To what extent 意味着你需要说明是完全同意、完全不同意、主要同意但有所保留还是基本不同意但承认其合理之处。
  • 必须提供理由：用有力的论据和具体的例子来支持你的每一个分论点。

2. 文章整体结构

四段式结构

  1. 引言段：介绍话题+明确立场
  2. 主体段1：第一个支持论点的论证
  3. 主体段2：第二个支持论点的论证
  4. 结论段：总结观点+重申立场

适用情况：立场非常鲜明(完全同意/不同意)，论点充分

五段式结构

  1. 引言段：介绍话题+明确立场
  2. 主体段1：第一个支持论点的论证
  3. 主体段2：第二个支持论点的论证
  4. 让步段：承认对立观点的合理性
  5. 结论段：总结观点+重申立场

适用情况：部分同意/不同意，需要展示辩证思考

3. 不同立场的布局策略

完全同意

策略说明

  • 开头段明确表达完全同意
  • 两个主体段落分别阐述两个支持理由
  • 结论段重申立场并总结主要论点

范文

"I completely agree that governments should invest more in public transportation..."

It is argued that the integration of technology into learning environments is rendering conventional educational approaches outdated. I completely agree with this view, as technological advancements have not only enhanced the efficiency and accessibility of education but also revolutionized the way knowledge is imparted and acquired.

Firstly, technology has made education vastly more accessible and efficient. Digital platforms and online resources allow learners to access a wealth of information anytime and anywhere, breaking down the barriers of geographical location and rigid schedules. For instance, a student in a remote village can now attend online lectures from top universities worldwide through Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), an opportunity unimaginable in the era of solely traditional classrooms. This democratization of education fundamentally surpasses what traditional methods can offer.

Secondly, technology facilitates a more engaging and personalized learning experience. Traditional teaching often adopts a one-size-fits-all approach, which can neglect individual learning paces and styles. In contrast, adaptive learning software and educational apps can tailor content to meet each student's specific needs and abilities. Interactive tools such as simulations and virtual reality can bring complex subjects like biology or history to life, fostering deeper understanding and retention than passive listening in a lecture hall.

In conclusion, I strongly believe that technological innovations have indeed made many traditional teaching practices obsolete. While the role of teachers as guides remains crucial, the methods of instruction have been irrevocably and positively transformed by technology, leading to greater accessibility, personalization, and engagement in education.

解析

  • 结构: 标准的四段式（引言、两个主体段、结论）。结构清晰，立场坚定。
  • 引言段: 第一句转述题目，第二句直接表明立场I completely agree，并概述两个主要理由（效率与可及性、互动性与个性化）。
  • 主体段1: 论证第一个理由可及性与效率。主题句明确，用MOOCs的具体例子有力支撑，并指出其超越了传统方法。
  • 主体段2: 论证第二个理由个性化与互动性。通过对比传统教学的one-size-fits-all和技术的adaptive，突出技术优势。使用simulations and virtual reality作为例子，非常具体。
  • 结论段: 强烈重申立场（strongly believe...obsolete），并总结两个主体段的要点。同时有一个小小的让步（the role of teachers remains crucial），但这只是为了让立论更严谨，并不影响完全同意的核心立场。
  • 语言: 使用了rendering...outdated, democratization, imparted, adaptive learning software, fostering retention 等学术词汇。连接词清晰（Firstly, Secondly, In conclusion）。

完全不同意

策略说明

  • 开头段明确表达完全不同意
  • 两个主体段落分别反驳原观点的两个主要论点
  • 结论段重申立场并提出替代方案

范文

"I strongly disagree with the view that technology makes people less creative..."

The notion that technological advancements are making traditional teaching methods redundant is a perspective I strongly disagree with. Contrary to this belief, I would argue that technology serves merely as a tool to augment, not replace, these time-tested methods, and that the human element of teaching remains irreplaceable.

One primary reason for my disagreement is that traditional teaching methods provide a structured and disciplined learning environment that technology alone cannot replicate. The physical classroom, under the guidance of a skilled teacher, fosters essential social skills such as collaboration, debate, and respect for peers. For example, group projects and in-person discussions teach students how to negotiate, articulate their thoughts clearly, and respond to nonverbal cues – all of which are critical life skills largely absent in isolated, screen-based learning.

Furthermore, the over-reliance on technology can be detrimental to fundamental learning processes. Traditional methods like writing by hand have been proven to enhance memory retention and cognitive understanding more effectively than typing on a keyboard. Moreover, a teacher's ability to read the room, provide immediate and personalized encouragement, and manage classroom dynamics based on years of experience is something no algorithm or software can currently achieve. Technology can provide data, but it is the teacher who provides wisdom, motivation, and inspiration.

In conclusion, I am convinced that reports of the obsolescence of traditional teaching are greatly exaggerated. Rather than becoming obsolete, these methods form the indispensable foundation of education, upon which technology can be built as a supplementary asset, not a substitute.

解析

  • 结构: 标准的四段式。但论证逻辑是先驳斥再立论。
  • 引言段: 第一句转述题目，第二句用strongly disagree with直接表明立场，并提出核心论点：技术是工具，人文元素不可替代。
  • 主体段1: 反驳技术万能论。论证传统课堂在培养软技能上的不可替代性。例子（group projects）非常相关且有力。
  • 主体段2: 继续反驳并建立自己的论点。论证传统方法在认知过程和人文互动上的优势。对比了手写与打字，并强调了教师read the room的能力，这是科技无法做到的。这段立论非常深刻。
  • 结论段: 用greatly exaggerated幽默而有力地重申立场，并完美总结了自己的核心观点：传统是基础，技术是补充。
  • 语言: 使用了redundant, time-tested, irreplaceable, detrimental, indispensable foundation 等高级词汇。反驳的语气坚定且有理有据。

部分同意

策略说明

  • 开头段明确表达部分同意
  • 主体段1讨论同意的方面
  • 主体段2讨论不同意的方面
  • 让步段承认对立观点的合理性
  • 结论段提出平衡观点

范文

"While I agree to some extent that social media has negative effects..."

The rise of educational technology has sparked debate about the relevance of traditional pedagogy. While I acknowledge that technology has introduced invaluable tools that enhance learning, I cannot fully agree that it makes traditional methods obsolete, as they each serve distinct and complementary purposes.

On the one hand, it is undeniable that technology has transformed education for the better. It provides unprecedented access to information and facilitates interactive learning experiences that were once impossible. For example, digital simulations in science classes allow students to conduct virtual experiments that would be too costly, dangerous, or impractical to perform in a school laboratory. This demonstrates how technology can effectively supplement and extend learning beyond the limitations of traditional settings.

On the other hand, traditional teaching methods retain fundamental importance. The role of a teacher in motivating students, curating knowledge, and providing immediate feedback based on emotional intelligence is something technology cannot replicate. Furthermore, the disciplined environment of a classroom is crucial for developing concentration and interpersonal skills. For instance, the Socratic method of dialogue and debate, a ancient traditional technique, remains one of the most effective ways to develop critical thinking, an area where passive consumption of digital content often falls short.

In conclusion, I agree to a certain extent that technology has made some aspects of traditional teaching less central. However, it is an overstatement to claim they are obsolete. The most effective educational model is not a choice between one or the other, but a synergistic blend that leverages the strengths of both technological innovation and proven traditional methods.

解析

  • 结构: 标准的五段式（引言、让步段、反驳段、结论）。这是部分同意的经典结构。
  • 引言段: 完美体现了部分同意的立场。第一句引入话题，第二句明确表达复杂立场：acknowledge...是让步，cannot fully agree...是核心论点，并提出complementary（互补）这一高级概念。
  • 主体段1 (让步段): 讨论技术带来的好处。用On the one hand开头，承认技术的优势，并用了virtual experiments这个极好的例子来证明其不可替代性。
  • 主体段2 (立论/反驳段): 用On the other hand转折，论证传统方法不可替代的核心价值。论据层次丰富：从教师的emotional intelligence到课堂的disciplined environment，再到Socratic method的例子，层层递进，与第一主体段形成平衡对比。
  • 结论段: 出色地总结了平衡观点。agree to a certain extent回应了让步段，overstatement回应了立论段。最后提出synergistic blend（协同融合）的解决方案，体现了高水平的批判性思维。
  • 语言: 使用了pedagogy, complementary, unprecedented, synergistic blend 等学术词汇。语气客观、平衡，展现了思辨能力。

4. 分步写作指南

审题与规划

  1. 圈出关键词，准确理解题目讨论的对象和范围。
  2. 快速进行头脑风暴，想出支持和反对的理由各2-3个。
  3. 根据你想出的点子，决定你的立场和对应的文章结构。选择你能写出最多内容、最有说服力的立场。

写作

  1. 引言段 (2-3句)
    • 句1: 转述题目 (Paraphrase the topic)。
    • 句2: 表明你的立场和程度 (State your opinion and the extent)。
  2. 主体段 (每段5-6句)
    • 遵循 T.E.E.L 结构：
      • Topic sentence: 中心句，明确本段主旨。
      • Explanation: 解释你的观点，说明原因。
      • Example: 给出具体例子（真实世界、历史、个人经历皆可，但要可信）。
      • Link: 连接回问题或你的主要论点。
  3. 结论段 (2-3句)
    • 句1: 总结主要论点 (Summarise your main points)。
    • 句2: 重申你的立场，或提出一个展望/建议 (Restate your opinion or give a final thought)。

检查

  1. 检查语法、拼写、标点错误。
  2. 确保连接词使用准确。
  3. 确认每段都有清晰的主题句。